Difference between revisions of "Fish leather"

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Fish leather is a rare [[Types of leather|type of leather]]. The [[Measures and weights|skin surfaces]] are often very small. In recent years, objects from [[Fish leather#Stingray leather|stingray leather]] have become more popular. This is due to the glass bead-like surface structure.  
 
Fish leather is a rare [[Types of leather|type of leather]]. The [[Measures and weights|skin surfaces]] are often very small. In recent years, objects from [[Fish leather#Stingray leather|stingray leather]] have become more popular. This is due to the glass bead-like surface structure.  
  
But also the increasing fish farms for various fish species increases the offers of fish leather. The fish skins would otherwise be waste material of these farms.
+
Also, the increasing fish farms for various fish species increases the offers of fish leather. The fish skins would otherwise be waste material of these farms.
  
 
In fish leather, the fibre structure runs across one another. Unlike for example in cowhide, where the fibre structure runs parallel. As a result, fish leather has a higher strength if same leather [[Measures and weights|thicknesses]] is compared. The tensile strength of fish leather reaches up to 90 Newton (e.g. [[Fish leather#Salmon leather|salmon]] or [[Fish leather#Perch leather|perch]]).
 
In fish leather, the fibre structure runs across one another. Unlike for example in cowhide, where the fibre structure runs parallel. As a result, fish leather has a higher strength if same leather [[Measures and weights|thicknesses]] is compared. The tensile strength of fish leather reaches up to 90 Newton (e.g. [[Fish leather#Salmon leather|salmon]] or [[Fish leather#Perch leather|perch]]).
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It has striking teeth and they are similar to that of humans. In new-born Pacus, the belly is still red. Adults pacus have grey or black bellies and weigh up to 30 kilos.
 
It has striking teeth and they are similar to that of humans. In new-born Pacus, the belly is still red. Adults pacus have grey or black bellies and weigh up to 30 kilos.
  
The Pacu is a popular food fish and lives in rivers and lakes but it is also bred in ponds. As its dangerous cousin, the Piranha, pacu is also covered with a large number of very small scales.
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The Pacu is a popular food fish and lives in rivers and lakes but it is also bred in ponds. As its dangerous cousin, the Piranha, pacu is also covered with many very small scales.
  
  
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===Kitefin shark===
 
===Kitefin shark===
Boroso is a name for shark leather, which is from the kitefin shark. This leather has been used for the handles of swords, sabres and other weapons. It is reminiscent of the structure of [[Fish leather#Stingray leather|stingray leather. The structure is somewhat finer.
+
Boroso is a name for shark leather, which is from the kitefin shark. This leather has been used for the handles of swords, sabres and other weapons. It is reminiscent of the structure of [[Fish leather#Stingray leather|stingray leather]]. The structure is somewhat finer.
  
  
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== Stingray leather ==
 
== Stingray leather ==
Stingray leather is a rare leather and occasionally appears on [[Leather accessories|accessories]] such as [[Leather wallets|wallets]], [[leather handbags|leather bag]] and [[Weapon leather|knife sheathes]]. It can be dyed in different [[leather colour|colours)). Usually is a bright geometric shape on the leather, which results from the grinding of the peaks of the pearls. The surface of stingray leather is similarto the hardness of glass beads and is hard to cut.
+
Stingray leather is a rare leather and occasionally appears on [[Leather accessories|accessories]] such as [[Leather wallets|wallets]], [[leather handbags|leather bag]] and [[Weapon leather|knife sheathes]]. It can be dyed in different [[leather colour|colours]]. Usually is a bright geometric shape on the leather, which results from the grinding of the peaks of the pearls. The surface of stingray leather is similar to the hardness of glass beads and is hard to cut.
  
 
The broad hides of the pearl-streaks and the long and narrow hides of the spine-bones are different.
 
The broad hides of the pearl-streaks and the long and narrow hides of the spine-bones are different.

Revision as of 12:40, 3 December 2016

LEATHER-DICTIONARY.jpg


Fish leather is a rare type of leather. The skin surfaces are often very small. In recent years, objects from stingray leather have become more popular. This is due to the glass bead-like surface structure.

Also, the increasing fish farms for various fish species increases the offers of fish leather. The fish skins would otherwise be waste material of these farms.

In fish leather, the fibre structure runs across one another. Unlike for example in cowhide, where the fibre structure runs parallel. As a result, fish leather has a higher strength if same leather thicknesses is compared. The tensile strength of fish leather reaches up to 90 Newton (e.g. salmon or perch).

The manufacturing principle for fish leather production was developed by the Nanai from Eastern Siberia, which traditionally use fish leather to produce garments. The tanning process takes about a month.

Suitable for making fish leathers are the skins of sharks, salmons, carps, stingrays, cods, sea wolfs and sturgeons. Fish leather usually has a scaly structure, is thinner than calfskin and is considered to be very elastic and tear-resistant.


Fish leather surfaces

On fish leathers the typical scale structure is expected. But there are many species of fish with other skin surfaces.


The different skin surfaces of fish

picture surface fish species
Barsch-09.jpg scale structure perch, dolfinfish, carp, cod, salmon, pacu, pirarucu (= arapaima or paiche), parrotfish, tilapia, plaice
Atlantikrochen-02.jpg relatively smooth surfaces some shark species, atlantic stingray, catfish
Aalleder-07.jpg central scar eel, salmon, pacu, plaice
Haileder-005.jpg scaly structure visible only under the microscope some shark species
Rochenleder-004.jpg hard pearl studs, which are also sanded flat for design reasons some stingrays species, kitefin shark
Muraenenleder-001.jpg Visible pores on the skin moray eel, sea wolf
Stoer-04-Donkan.jpg a driftwood-like surface sturgeon


Boxfish

The boxfish is a subspecies of the puffer fish. This one was dried to parchment in Brazil and should help to keep the "evil eye" away.


Praia-do-Forte-Kofferfisch-01.jpg

Koffer-Fisch-Nilo-Peçanha-01.jpg Koffer-Fisch-Nilo-Peçanha-02.jpg

Dried boxfish from Nilo Peçanha - Brazil.

 

Carp leather

Carp leather is soft and has a scaly structure.


Karpfen-004.jpg Karpfen-003.jpg

Karpfen-002.jpg Karpfenleder-002.jpg Karpfenleder-001.jpg

Carp leather is very scaly.

 

Goldkarpfen-02.jpg Goldkarpfen-04.jpg

Carp leather as gold leather.

 

Karpfenleder-Handtasche-Ledermanufaktur-01.jpg Karpfenleder-Handtasche-Ledermanufaktur-03.jpg

Carp leather as handbag manufactured by www.ledermanufaktur.com.

 

Karpfenleder-003.jpg

Carp leather made by Anatol Donkan.

 

The barbe is a European freshwater fish of the carp family. The skin of the barbe has a typical scale structure and is instantly recognisable as fish leather. Leather objects made of leather of barbe skin are very rare.


Barbensalm-02.jpg Barbensalm-01.jpg

Barbe leather.

 

Fisch-Brasilianischer-Flachkopf B.jpg

The middle leather is of a barbe (made by Flat Iron Straps).

 

Catfish leather

The catfish is the largest freshwater fish in Europe. They prefer large lakes and rivers with muddy water and is common in Central and Eastern Europe to central Asia. The catfish has no scales. The leather is smooth with a distinctive grain and drawing.


Wels-04.jpg


Wels-02.jpg

The leather of a catfish does not have a scale structure.

 

Cod leather

Also the skin of cod fish is used to make into leather. Cod is one of the most important food fish from the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean.


Cod-seafood.jpg

cod-seafood

 

Cod Leather is a typical fish leather with a scaly skin. The skin is about 40 - 50 centimetres long and 10 to 15 centimetres wide (= approximately 0,5 square feet) and tapers from neck to tail. Cod leather is a thinner leather.


Kabeljau-04.jpg

Cod leather, a complete skin of www.heider-leder.de.

 

Kabeljau-01.jpg Kabeljau-02.jpg

The fish and leather samples of www.heider-leder.de.

 

Kabeljau-05.jpg Kabeljau-07.jpg

The skin texture is very irregular.

 

Kabeljau-Dorsch-Pergament-01.jpg

Cod-parchment produced by bookbinding Zerbst.

 

Dolphinfish leather

Dolphinfishes live in the Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Ocean. They are also called "mahimahi". Dolphinfish are up to 1.80 meters long and can weigh up to nearly 40 kilos. The skin has small, round scales.


Goldmakrele-00.jpg

Goldmakrele-01.jpg

Goldmakrele-02.jpg Goldmakrele-03.jpg

You can see the small round scales chambers of the dolphinfish (available at www.piracolor.de).

 

Eel leather

Eel leather is a rarity. The leather is a small strip due to the shape of the fish. Characteristic is the centre strip on the leather. Eels have no scales.

 

Aal-Fisch-01.jpg Aal-002.jpg

Eel in the water. - Smoked eel.

 

Aalleder-006.jpg Aalleder-07.jpg

Eel leather. The characteristic central scar is clearly visible.

 

Aalleder03.jpg Aalleder04.jpg

Eel leather chair from Estonia.

 

Fischlederstiefel.jpg Schuh-Aalleder-Jacob-01.jpg

Eel leather boots from Chicago. Circa 2005 for 200 $ - Eel leather bespoken shoe produced by [ Jacob, F. Schuhe.

 

Stuhl-01-2011-12.jpg Stuhl-02-2011-12.jpg Stuhl-03-2011-12.jpg

Eel leather chair from Turkey (seen at www.deriklinik.com).

 

Aalleder-08.jpg

Little bag made of eel leather (www.piracolor.de).

 

Moray eel leather

The leather of the moray is solid and the hair pores give it a distinctive surface.


Muraene-03.jpg

250px Muraene-02.jpg

Morays

 

Muraenenleder-001.jpg Muraene-Leder-02.jpg

Moray leather has a typical grain.

 

Handtasche-Muraene-001.jpg

Moray leather handbag.

 

Pacu leather

Pacu of South America is closely related to the piranhas but it’s a pure fruit and seed eater.

It has striking teeth and they are similar to that of humans. In new-born Pacus, the belly is still red. Adults pacus have grey or black bellies and weigh up to 30 kilos.

The Pacu is a popular food fish and lives in rivers and lakes but it is also bred in ponds. As its dangerous cousin, the Piranha, pacu is also covered with many very small scales.


Pacu-Fischleder-01.jpg Pacu-Fischleder-02.jpg

There are different types of Pacu. - Leather watch strap of Pacu Leather (made by Flat Iron Straps).

 

Pacu-Pantanal-02.jpg

Pacu fish dish in the Pantanal in Brazil.

 

Pacu-Fischleder-03.jpg

Pacu-Fischleder-06.jpg

Pacu leather has small scales (www.piracolor.de).

 

Parrotfish leather

The leather from tropical parrot fish is a typical scaly fish leather.


Papageienfisch-01.jpg Papageifisch-Essen-02.jpg

Parrotfish and Parrot fish dish.

 

Papageienfisch-02.jpg Papageienfisch-03.jpg

Leather of parrotfish.

 

Perch leather

Perch leather or sea bass is a soft, flaky fish leather. The fish are native to Africa (Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda). A skin is on average 1.0 square foot (50 - 60 centimetres wide and about 14 - 20 centimetres wide).


Barsch-04.jpg

Perch leather, complete skin from www.heider-leder.de.

 

Barsch-01.jpg Barsch-03.jpg

The fish and leather pattern of www.heider-leder.de.

 

Barsch-06.jpg Barsch-09.jpg

The skin structure is reminiscent of rumen leather.

 

Fischleder-Seebarsch-02.jpg

Fischleder-Seebarsch-03.jpg Fischleder-Seebarsch-01.jpg

Sea bass leather in bright colour of www.piracolor.de.

 

Pirarucu leather

Pirarucu (also called Arapaima or Paiche), is a freshwater fish that is located in the Amazon area. Pirarucu is very large and can be over 2 meters long and weigh over 100 kilos and has very large scales. The leather is unexpectedly soft and flexible. Because of these characteristics, it is a distinctive leather.


Arapaima-01.jpg Arapaima-03.jpg

Pirarucu is a large fish with correspondingly large skin.

 

Bolivien-Pirarucu-Mittag.jpg

The Paiche is a tasty fish in Bolivia.

 

The leather is very soft, has very large scales chambers and has a multi-layered structure. There is no comparable leather with this look and feel.


Piracuru-03.jpg Pirarucu-geschnitten-03.jpg

The leather of the Pirarucu has a striking scale structure. Left - natural scales, right - edges of the scales are cut.

 

Piracuru-01.jpg Pirarucu-16.jpg

The leather of the Pirarucu has very large fish scull chambers and is multi-layered.

 

Gretchen-14-Pirarucu.jpg 250px

Pirarucu-leather handbag from www.mygretchen.com and www.ledermanufaktur.com.

 

Arapaima-Stiefel-01.jpg Arapaima-Kleid-01.jpg

Art of Pirarucu leather. - Leather boots. - Pirarucu leather wedding dress.

 

Plaice leather

The plaice or gold butt is a flatfish. It is found on almost all European coasts and is a significant food fish. Its skin has small scales and a clearly recognisable middle scar.


Scholle-05.jpg Scholle-04.jpg

The plaice is a flatfish, which is suitable as food fish.

 

Scholle-03.jpg

Scholle-01.jpg Scholle-02.jpg

The skin of the plaice has small scales and a clearly recognisable middle scar (www.piracolor.de)

 

Puffer fish - Ball fish

The skin of ball fish is sometimes dried and sold as a lamp or accessories.


Kugelfisch-Pergament-01.jpg

Ball fish parchment as lamp.

 

Salmon leather

The skin of salmon is tanned. The typical appearance of the fish scales remains the same. Salmon leather is thin and light and is about 60 - 65 centimetres long and 10 - 14 centimetres wide (= approx. 0.8 square feet).

According to a supplier of salmon leather, the leather of salmon has a higher strength than sheep or pig leather.

The main use for this type of leather is for the accessories market. Salmon leather is fashionable for bags, clothing or shoes.

Nowadays the skins come from salmon breeding farms. Therefore, sufficient skins are available for further processing to salmon leather. However, salmon leather is not widely used. It is a niche product in the leather market.

Salmon leather is often vegetable tanned or FOC (chrome-free) tanned.


250px Lachs-002.jpg

Salmon

 

Lachsleder-002.jpg

Salmon skin ("Nanaileder").

 

Lachsleder-Crust-002.jpg Lachsleder-gebuegelt-001.jpg

Salmon leather crust. - Salmon leather ironed and coloured.

 

Lachsleder-003.jpg

Salmon leather is available in many colourful colours from the company "Nanaileder".

 

Lachssessel.jpg Lachssessel-002.jpg

Salmon leather in the furniture area. But a rarity.

 

Lachs-Uhrenarmbaender-001.jpg Lachs-Schuhe-01.jpg

Leather watch strap made of salmon leather (Flat Iron Straps). - Leather shoes with combination of salmon leather and calfskin (Ledermanufaktur Posenanski).

 

Schuh-Lachs-Jacob-02-ungebügelt.jpg Schuh-Lachs-Jacob-01-gebügelt.jpg

Salmon leather not ironed. - Salmon leather ironed. - Bespoke shoes (Jacob, F. Schuhe).

 

Lachstasche.jpg Lachs-Leder-Metallic-01.jpg Lachs-Leder-Riemen-01.jpg

Leather handbags. - Leather handbags made of metallic leather. - Leather straps of the company "Nanaileder".

 

Lachs2013-02.jpg

Lachs-Wandbehang-01.jpg

Salmon leather art of Anatol Donkan.

 

Lachs-Haut-01.jpg

Salmon leather skin of www.heider-leder.de.

 



Sea wolf leather

The leather of a sea wolf is a rarity and mostly comes from the seas around Iceland. The skin of sea wolf has no scales and is therefore smooth. A skin is about 60 - 70 centimetres long and 14 - 20 centimetres wide (= approx. 1.1 square feet). Characteristic are the dark spots on the skin.


Fischleder-01.jpg Fischleder-02.jpg

Seewolf-01.jpg

Sea wolf leather.

 

Seewolf-001.jpg Seewolf-03.jpg

The fish and leather patterns of www.heider-leder.de.

 

Seewolf-05.jpg Seewolf-07.jpg

Seewolf-04.jpg

Sea wolf leather has no scales as with the moray eel leather or the shark leather (www.heider-leder.de).

 

Uhrenarmband-Seewolf-01.jpg Uhrenarmband-Seewolf-02.jpg

Leather watch strap made of sea wolf leather (Flat Iron Straps).

 

Shark leather

Shark leather is covered with a microscopically small scale structure. It is used for shoes and belts and other leather accessories.

 

Hai-03.jpg Hai-001.jpg

Shark and shark dish.

 

Haifischleder-06.jpg

Haifischleder-02.jpg

Haifischleder-05.jpg

Characteristic of most species of shark: Scaly structure is clearly recognisable under the microscope.

 

Haileder-001.jpg Fahrradsattel-Hai-02.jpg

Wallet made of shark leather (www.piracolor.de). - Exceptional: shark leather on a bicycle saddle.

 

Haifisch-Wallet-01.jpg Haileder-Uhrenarmband-04.jpg

Biker wallet made of shark leather (bikerwallets.de) and shark leather watch strap (Flat Iron Straps).

 

Haifischleder-07.jpg

Haileder-Uhrenarmband-01.jpg Haileder-Uhrenarmband-02.jpg

Haifischleder-09.jpg

With some shark leathers, the surface is smooth (Flat Iron Straps).

 

Trommel-Haifischleder-Marquesas-Inseln-01.jpg Trommel-Haifischleder-03.jpg

Drum with cover of shark leather from the Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia, South Seas).

 

Kitefin shark

Boroso is a name for shark leather, which is from the kitefin shark. This leather has been used for the handles of swords, sabres and other weapons. It is reminiscent of the structure of stingray leather. The structure is somewhat finer.


Perlhai-00.jpg

Perlhai-06.jpg Perlhai-03.jpg

Kitefin shark parchment.

 

Perlhai-10.jpg Perlhai-11.jpg

Kitefin shark polished.

 

Perlhai-13.jpg Perlhai-12.jpg

Kitefin shark coloured.

 

Perlhai-Uhrenarmband-01.jpg

Kitefin shark leather watch strap (Flat Iron Straps).

 

Coral shark

About 100 years ago, handbags were made which have a conspicuous wave pattern. From unconfirmed sources this is leather from the coral shark. It is also unknown among leather experts, which shark species it is or whether it was a special deformation technique. The surface does not have the characteristic shark leather structure.


Handtasche-Haifischleder-00.jpg Handtasche nicht eindeutig01 01 2009.JPG

Handtasche-Haifischleder-02.jpg Handtasche-verformt-004.jpg

Very old leather handbag. The grain structure is exceptional (from the collection of Ms. Ursula Kayser from Göttingen - Germany).

 

Korallenhai-Uhrenarmband-01.jpg Korallenhai-Uhrenarmband-02.jpg

Made of leather of old leather handbags (Flat Iron Straps).

 

Stingray leather

Stingray leather is a rare leather and occasionally appears on accessories such as wallets, leather bag and knife sheathes. It can be dyed in different colours. Usually is a bright geometric shape on the leather, which results from the grinding of the peaks of the pearls. The surface of stingray leather is similar to the hardness of glass beads and is hard to cut.

The broad hides of the pearl-streaks and the long and narrow hides of the spine-bones are different.


Rochen-01.jpg Rochen-02.jpg

Stingray

 

Rochen-farbig-01.jpg

Stingray leather in different colours completely grinded.

 

Rochenleder-002.jpg


Rochenleder-Kiste-05.jpg Rochen2.jpg

The bright, diamond-shaped spot is created by grinding away the peaks of the pearl structure. The diamond shape has established as a recognition mark.

 

Rochenleder-005.jpg

Rochenleder-004.jpg

The brightening in the middle is also created by grinding the peaks.

 

Rochen-ungeschliffen-01.jpg Rochen-ungeschliffen-02.jpg

The unpolished tops. Each pearl skin has several large pearls in the middle area. The diamond is then ground there.

 

Rochen-geschliffen-02-.jpg Rochen-geschliffen-01.jpg

Rochen-geschliffen-03-.jpg Rochen-geschliffen-04-.jpg

Across the whole surface polished stingray leather.

 

Rochen-Fahrradsattel-002.jpg

Very exotic: Stingray leather on a bicycle saddle.

 

Rochenleder-Uhrenarmband-00.jpg Rochen3.jpg

Stingray leather watch strap (Flat Iron Straps). - Stingray leather as key case.

 

Rochenleder-Kiste-04.jpg Rochenleder-Kiste-03.jpg

Jewellery box of the company Löffelsend covered with ray leather and partially offset with wood and bone.

 

Rochen-Perlrochen.jpg Biker-Wallet-03.jpg

Stingray leather used for a mobile phone case (www.feinleder-hoffmann.com) or as Biker wallet (bikerwallets.de).

 

Rochen-Opernglas-XVIII.jpg Rochenleder-04-Ledermuseum-Offenbach.jpg

Rochenleder-03-Ledermuseum-Offenbach.jpg Stingray leather-1809.jpg

Stingray leather was already used in the 18th century (Box from England 1809, © German Leather Museum, C. Perl-Appl).

 

Rochen-Schaenkchen-1912.jpg Rochen-Schrankfuss-1920.jpg Rochen-Stuhl-1921.jpg

Stingray leather was also used in the beginning of the 19th century for high-quality furniture.

 

Schwertgriff-Japan-Rochenleder-02.jpg

Schwertgriff-Japan-Rochenleder-03.jpg

Ancient, traditional sword handle from Japan.

 

Rochenleder-Helm-02.jpg Rochenleder-Stiefel-01.jpg

Stingray leather helmet (www.wildfangdesign.de). - Stingray leather boots (www.jean-gaborit.com).

 

Rochenleder-Himer-02.jpg Rochenleder-Himer-04.jpg

Bespoken shoes from Himer Maßschuhe.

 

Rohhaut-Rochenleder-01.jpg Rochenleder-getrocknet-01.jpg

Stingray leather production. - Dried stingray leather.

 

Rochenleder-Imitat-01.jpg Rochenleder-Imitat-03.jpg

Imitation leather: The imitation of stingray leather is hardly distinguishable just by eye.

 

Atlantic stingray

The skin of the Atlantic stingray has a completely different surface compared to the normal stingray leather. The skin does not have a pearl structure. Leather objects from Atlantic stingray leather are very rare.


Atlantikrochen-01.jpg Atlantikrochen-02.jpg

Atlantic stingray leather.

 

Fisch-Wels-Atlantikrochen.jpg

The brown surface is Atlantic stingray leather

 

Sturgeon leather

The sturgeon leather has an unusual surface. It looks like of wood or cork and is very solid.


Stoer-09.jpg


Stoer-06.jpg

Stoer-07.jpg Stoer-08.jpg

Sturgeon leather from Anatol Donkan.

 

Stoer-01.jpg

Stoer-02-Donkan.jpg Stoer-03-Donkan.jpg Stoer-04-Donkan.jpg

Sturgeon leather from Anatol Donkan.

 

Stoer-02.jpg Stoer-04.jpg

Leather wallets made from sturgeon leather (www.piracolor.de).

 

Stoer-Uhrenarmband-02.jpg Stoer-Uhrenarmband-01.jpg

Leather watch strap made of sturgeon leather (Flat Iron Straps).

 

As with stingray leather, the bone-like excesses can be sanded in order to create extraordinary design effects.


Stoer-10-angeschliffen.jpg

Sanded sturgeon leather has an unusual look.

 

Tilapia leather

Tilapia leather is relatively large and it has bigger scales.


Tilapia-05.jpg Tilapia-06.jpg

Tilapia and tilapia dish.

 

Tilapia-03.jpg Tilapia-04.jpg

Tilapia leather.

 

Tilapia-01.jpg Tilapia-02.jpg

Leather wallets made of tilapia leather (www.piracolor.de).

 

Video about leather of different animal species


Leather of different animal species - Exotic leather


Other exotic leather


Colourlock-GB-03.jpg

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